| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol |
| Formula | C₂₁H₃₀O₂ |
| Molar Mass | 314.469 g/mol |
| Type | Cannabinoid |
| Discovered | 1964 |
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or more precisely Δ9-THC, is the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis . It is one of at least 113 cannabinoids identified in the plant.
History
THC was first isolated and synthesized in 1964 by Israeli chemist Raphael Mechoulam along with Yechiel Gaoni at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. This discovery opened the door to understanding how cannabis affects the human body.
How THC Works
THC acts on the body’s endocannabinoid system by binding to cannabinoid receptors, primarily CB1 receptors found in the brain and central nervous system. This interaction is what produces the “high” associated with cannabis consumption.
CB1 and CB2 Receptors
- CB1 receptors - Located primarily in the brain and central nervous system
- CB2 receptors - Found mainly in the immune system and peripheral tissues
Effects
THC produces a range of effects that can vary based on dosage, method of consumption , and individual tolerance:
- Euphoria and relaxation
- Altered perception of time
- Increased appetite
- Heightened sensory experiences
- Short-term memory changes
Medical Applications
THC has been studied for various therapeutic applications including:
- Pain management
- Nausea and vomiting relief (especially for chemotherapy patients)
- Appetite stimulation
- Muscle spasticity reduction
- Sleep aid
THC Content in Cannabis
The THC content in cannabis varies widely depending on the strain and growing conditions. Modern cultivated strains often contain THC levels ranging from 15-30%, compared to historical averages of 3-5% in the 1970s.